Hypohydroscope



NiTFo Se* *'*Fs 1" TENT OFFICE.

, \\'lLLIA.\l L. TRENHOLM, OF CH.^' .'STON, SOUTH CAROLINA.

HYPOHYDROSCOPE SPECIFICATION formingi part of Letters Patent No. 269,139, dat-ed December 12, 1882.

Application tiled June 27, 18852. (No model.)

To all -whom it Imay concer-n:

Be itknown that I, WILLIAM L. TRENHOLM, a citizen et the United States ot America, residing at Charleston, in the county of Charleston and State of South Carolina, haveinvented a certain new and useful instrument called klypohydroscope5 and I do hereby declare the following to be a l'ull, clear, and exact de scription of the invention, such as Vwill enable xo others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Thisinvention relates to aninstruinent which I term a bypohydroscopef7 for discovering and examining submarine objects. With an instrument ot' this kind divers and submarine workers are enabled to carry on repairs in harbors on the hulls of vessels and the like, and to find obstructions and objects at the bottom ot' streams or in stinken vessels, or to ascerzo tain with certainty the character ot' any sub. merged object which it is desired to examine. lt is specially adapted for use in connection withmysystemot'dredgingandcollectingphosphates. These phosphates, it is Well known, 2 r are found beneath the water, and exist in beds,

layers, or strata, of indefinite location and extent,and-theirpresenceisascertained by sounding with metal rods, which gives the fact of presence only, without atlording any evidence ot' direction of location or exteutot' the deposit.

My invention therefore consistsin a submarine instrument provided at its lower end with an incandescent electric light or its equivalent, and a rctlector, so adjusted in a-novel manner as to'cast the rays of light on the object under water on or near the prolongation ot' the axis ofthe observing-tube.

My invention further consists in a tubular instrument composed of one or more sections,

4o provided at the lower end with trunnions, supporting a retlector and carrying an electric light nt' the incandescent class or its equivalent.

My invention further consists in a tubular instrument providedat its lower section with trunnions, in combination with a retlectorjournalcd to the trunnions and carrying an electric light ot' the incandescent class or its equivalent, and means for adjusting the inclinationv 5o of the recctor.

My invention further consists in the novel orgnization and construction ot' parts, as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the imnexeddrawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure l represents an exterior vic-vrl of my new-instrument termed a hypohydrnscope,77 and Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional viev: ot' the same. y

The Aiter A represents a tube composed ot' one or more sections, and of anydesired length 6o and diameter. The sections may be connected and secured together by. the ordinary male and female screw-threads, with or without pack ing, or by means ofcoupling-rings, or any other means applicable for making water-tight con 65 nections. The lower end ot' this tube is securely closed by means of a glass plate, a,.serv ing for the double purpose ot' preventing the Water from entering the tube ofthe instrument, and ot' enabling the observer to see any sub- 7o merged object toward which the instrument may be directed. This glass pla'te is protected by means of an extension ofthe tnbe,or by a collar or sleeve arranged to project a short distance below the lower surface of the plate. At or near the lower end of the tubo are arranged a pair of trunnions, b, to which ,is journaled a reector, D, so as to worl: upon the axis thereof. This reector D is preferably made bell-shaped, and formed nearits upper 8o end with an opening for the passage of wires, as will be hereinafter described. 'ithin this reflector D is arranged an electric light, preferably of the incandescent class, and is so adjusted in relation to the reflector that the rays will be cast from the upper portion ot' the reecting-surface on the objector objects' within the scope of the instrument. To the rear ot' the reflector D is connected the bell-crank 1ever e or its equivalent, having attached there- 9o to a connectin g-rod7 j", extending through loops on the tube to the upper portion ot' the instrument, where it is connected with an actuatinglever, h, for the purpose ot' adjusting the inclination ot the reflector as the observer may desire, usually casting the rays ot' light in the path of the axis ot' the tube and upon the objects to be observed and examined.

The letters i represent wire conductors properly insulated and secured to the exterior ot' roo the instrument, and leading from the electric generator or other source ot' the light to the lamp xed at or near the base of the instru'- ment.

The letter E represents a holder or chamber arranged' along the lower portion of the instrument, and secured thereto byany suitable means. 'Ihis holder or chamber is weighted with mercury or an) other substance or mateiial having great specific gravity, the object or' this being,r to provide certainty and facility ot'snbmersion ot' the tube under any circumstances of use. To the upper end otl the tube is attached a wire frame or hood, ot' any suitable shape or form, to receive the head ot' the observer', and over this frame is a cloth or covering for excluding the atmospheric light.

The instrument constructed as above described ma) he used as t'ollows: rIhe observer, beiner in a boat or on shore at the edge ofthe water, having' produced the light, causes the tube to be submerged with its closed end down- \\ard,'placiu,fr his face under the hood at the open end ot' theinstrument, and, grasping the handle of the actuating-lever, recties the adjustment of the reflector so as to illuminate the water at the submerged end ot' the tube; then continues the'iminersion'ot' the tube, determining the depth and lateral deect-ion by the results ot' his observation until the instrument is brought to bear upon the locality or object to.be examined. i

The Word hypohydroscope herein einploved means an instrument to be used for viewing objects under or beneath water.

I reserve the right to vary the construction, arrangement, and adjustment of parts without departing from the spirit ot' my invention.

)rher lights may be employed in licu ofthe incandescentlights.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A submarine instrument provided at its lower end with an electric light or its equivalent a nd reflector, working on an axis, said light i tion with a glass or lens at the bottom, and

provided with trunnions capable ot' supporting a retiector, substantially as described.

. 3. A submarine instrument composed essentially ot' one or more tubular "sections, with a glass or lens at the bottom, and provided with trunnions, a retiector, and an electric light or its equivalent, substantially-r as described.

4. A submarine instrument composed ot' one or more tubular sections, with a glass or lens at the bottom, and provided with trunnions, a retiectorjournaled to the trunnions, auelectric light or its equivalent, and means for adjusting,r the inclination ot' the reiiector, substantially as described.

5. A hypehydroscope consisting essential!)v ot' a tube, an electric light or its equivalent, a journaled retiector, land means for adjusting the inclinatiou ot' the reiiector, substantially as described. .f

6. 'Ihe hypohydroscope consisting ot' the tube, electric light or its equivalent, journaled re-iiector, means for adjusting the inclination of the reflector and weight-chamber, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signa-ture in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM L. TRENHOLM. Y Witnesses:

J. M. YZNAGA, ASA WHITEIIEAD. 

